| Measures | Categories | Descriptions | | Anti-idling | Eco-logistics awareness raising | These measures focus on the reduction of the pollution caused by idling truck engines. The most popular anti-idling technologies are fuel-operated coolant heaters, auxiliary power units, and truck stop electrification. |
| City Logistics Manager | Stakeholders engagement | Like the concept of the Mobility Manager, the function of City Logistics Manager (CLM) is designed to reduce demand in relation to the mobility of goods in urban areas. By implementing this new role, a good level of acceptance is expected due to the institutional function of the designated person. |
| Clean fuels | New technologies | Road traffic is responsible for adverse impacts on air quality in European cities. This affects the quality of life as well as the health of residents. Therefore, the reduction of pollution caused by emissions from road traffic should be a goal of each city. Several technical options, related to the vehicles are suitable such as the use of cleaner fuels like biodiesel, biogas, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) or electricity. |
| Collect points | Land use planning and Infrastructure | This initiative promotes the use of specific locations for pick-up and deliveries, such as automated locker systems, parcel shops and post offices as well as mini depots. These points potentially present a more sustainable alternative for home deliveries because of three reasons. First, a 100% success rate, consolidation opportunities, and economies of scope make collect points a cost-efficient solution for the carrier. Second, concentrating logistics activities in some zones while removing them from some sensitive areas such as schools, together with the offer to consumers to pick up a parcel at a convenient time, makes that it improves the social component of e-deliveries. Third, the decrease in driven kilometers, assuming van kilometers are not substituted by pick-up kilometers, also lowers the environmental impact of the last mile. |
| Eco-driving | Eco-logistics awareness raising | This initiative is aimed at changing driver behavior and enhancing driver competencies to improve delivery efficiency, energy consumption, environmental impacts, and the safety of all road users. Drivers could be trained to drive in eco-friendly way that save fuel and reduce emissions, or to handle deliveries in a quiet manner so that night deliveries do not disturb neighborhoods. |
| Freight advisory boards | Stakeholders engagement | In general, freight advisory boards are implemented as stand-alone bodies in medium and small urban areas, with the aim of coordinating different interests and needs. The boards aim to facilitate the implementation of freight initiatives and to create communications channels between stakeholders. It requires a high degree of coordination among different actors. The freight advisor board needs to be composed of representatives of the supply chain (transport operators, shippers, retails chains, shop-owners), public authorities, experts and other stakeholders (like industry and commerce association, consumers association, residents' associations). |
| Freight Quality Partnerships (FQP) | Stakeholders engagement | Freight quality partnerships (FQP) are long term partnerships between urban freight stakeholders that, on a formal or informal basis, meet regularly to discuss and provide an agreement between the stakeholders to understand the issues and problems of freight transport, promoting constructive solutions to reconcile the need for access to goods and services with local concerns of social and environmental nature. This is an opportunity to achieve worthwhile results at a relatively modest cost. However, it can be difficult to gather all types of stakeholders needed. |
| Green freight programs | Stakeholders engagement | Green freight programs aimed at improving the environmental performance, through fuel efficiency and emissions reductions, by encouraging the freight sector to act in this way. The purpose is to guide stakeholders on the track towards green logistics and recognize their initiatives. |
| Green public procurement | New technologies | Public authorities are major consumers. By using their purchasing power to choose environmentally friendly goods, services and works, they can make an important contribution to sustainable consumption and production - what we call Green Public Procurement (GPP) or green purchasing. Therefore, this initiative can be pursued by theses authorities. |
| Incentives & subsidies | Market-based measures | Incentives are designed to encourage more sustainable and energy-efficient urban freight transport by offering economic (or access) advantages to operators and/or shippers. Incentives may be economic (e.g. offered when purchasing electric or low emission vehicles) or competitive (e.g. rewarding those operators, who are in compliance with scheme requirements such as limits in relation to emissions standards, load factors, etc., with the right to access environmental zones for extended time intervals, to use reserved bus lanes, etc.). |
| On-street loading zones | Land use planning and Infrastructure | The measures focus on allocating adequate kerb space for parking and loading activities. Parking places and loading-zone-related strategies focus on designating and enforcing kerbside parking, reallocating kerb space, and identifying potential freight traffic parking locations. |
| Packaging | New technologies | The fact that packaging materials have a direct impact on energy use, on logistics and waste production is arousing increasing concern. Package weight and volume are also important because they influence energy use for transport. Overall, existing studies highlight the need to develop packaging solutions based on alternative materials to ensure that energy is efficiently used and waste reduced. Overpackaging continues to result in overuse of materials and energy, and thus influences the impact of production and transportation processes. |
| Recognition & certification programs | Eco-logistics awareness raising | Recognition schemes are designed to provide recognition, guidance, and advice to road transport operators by using the power of public acknowledgement of outstanding achievements to indirectly encourage others to follow suit. Certification programs recognize participants that achieve a minimum level of performance and follow a clear path to certification. |
| Sustainable Urban Logistics Planning (SULP) | Stakeholders engagement | A Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan (SULP) is a strategic plan designed to improve the urban logistics by ensuring a better quality of life. It builds on existing planning practices and takes due consideration of integration, participation, and evaluation principles. The SULP intends to be a document which engages a maximum of stakeholders in implementing) a set of actions, for which they will be mutually responsible. |
| Tax allowances | Market-based measures | By contrast, tax allowances can be applied on the purchase of new vehicles (for instance, tax incentives or tax allowances for consumers who buy electric vehicles or for companies that use energy-efficient equipment). |
| Taxation | Market-based measures | Taxation is routinely used to raise revenues and foster behavioral changes that will lead to public benefits. Taxation can be imposed on vehicle emissions, fuel, vehicle ownership or use. |
| Tradable permits & mobility credits | Market-based measures | The mobility credits model establishes the total amount of acceptable emissions within a specified zone of a city and then allocates them to economic operators such as retailers and companies to enable them to purchase freight transport services that are not subject to additional access charges or restrictions. |
