| Category | Measures | Descriptions | | Regulatory measures | Daytime delivery restrictions | Daytime delivery restriction is part of time access restrictions. The goal is to restrict delivery vehicles from entering a certain area within a certain time during the day. The time-window area is often the city center or even a smaller part, the pedestrian area within the city center. Sometimes time-window restrictions allow delivery vehicles access for a certain time period to areas where normally no motorized vehicles are allowed, such as pedestrian areas. |
| Regulatory measures | Emission standard & engine-related restrictions | An emission standard is a regulatory requirement that sets limits on the amount of pollutants that can be released into the environment. Engine-related restrictions refer to regulations that impose limitations on the type of engine. These restrictions can include requirements for the use of specific fuel types, the installation of emission control devices, or the implementation of certain engine technologies, such as hybrid or electric powertrains. |
| Regulatory measures | Freight traffic flow management | The main freight traffic flow management measures are: truck routes and restricted multi-use lanes. |
| Regulatory measures | Load restrictions | Restrictions based on the payload of a vehicle could ensure that only fully loaded vehicles (or vehicles loaded to a certain level) can access an area. Urban logistics vehicles have, on average, a low load factor. The idea is that, for example, through better consolidation by destination, the number of trucks entering and driving through a city centre can be reduced. |
| Regulatory measures | Low Emission Zones | A Low Emission Zone (LEZ) requires all vehicles entering the zone to comply with a specific emission standard, with the aim of reducing pollutant emissions. Emission standards are generally valid for all LEZs concerned, and exemptions are usually local or national. LEZs can also contribute to traffic reduction, but basically accelerates the shift to cleaner vehicles without discrimination in terms of user category and does not have the primary objective of reducing traffic. |
| Regulatory measures | Night silent deliveries | Silent delivery at night include more efficient cargo transportation and handling, improved working environment, and effective control of noise pollution, making night deliveries possible without disturbing local residents and others. |
| Regulatory measures | Nighttime delivery restrictions | Nighttime delivery restriction is part of time access restrictions. The goal is to restrict delivery vehicles from entering a certain area within a certain time during the night. The time-window area is often the city center or even a smaller part, the pedestrian area within the city center. Sometimes time-window restrictions allow delivery vehicles access for a certain time period to areas where normally no motorized vehicles are allowed, such as pedestrian areas. |
| Regulatory measures | Noise regulations | The objective of regulations on noise is to limit noise produced by traffic at the roadside as well as inside buildings near major traffic arteries. |
| Regulatory measures | Parking reservation system | Parking reservation systems provide drivers with real-time information on the availability of parking spaces and guide them to their destinations. Furthermore, based on parking space availability information, parking space reservation allows carriers to secure an available parking space before their arrival. Such reservation strategy has been studied to reduce traffic congestion. |
| Regulatory measures | Parking restrictions | Parking restrictions are intended to solve problems in areas where large vehicles are allowed to park to load or unload goods. |
| Regulatory measures | Peak-hour clearways | A clearway is a length of carriageway defined by clearway signs where parking is prohibited. The primary benefit of clearway operation on an arterial road is to provide extra capacity by removing kerb side parking. This provides additional capacity for peak period traffic volumes.
In addition, clearways may help to contain the peak hour spreading problems concerning traffic operation due to the additional capacity being made available in the road network. |
| Regulatory measures | Shared parking spaces | Shared parking is a way of making more efficient use of parking facilities. It uses existing spaces intended for parking cars when the owner is not using it. Availability of parking gaps for others stems from the fact that most parking spaces are only used part time. The goal is to increase the utilization rate of infrastructures. |
