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Incentives & subsidies | |
Incentives are designed to encourage more sustainable and energy-efficient urban freight transport by offering economic (or access) advantages to operators and/or shippers. Incentives may be economic (e.g. offered when purchasing electric or low emission vehicles) or competitive (e.g. rewarding those operators, who are in compliance with scheme requirements such as limits in relation to emissions standards, load factors, etc., with the right to access environmental zones for extended time intervals, to use reserved bus lanes, etc.). | |
Behavior | |
Tertiary urban area; Dense urban area; Suburban area; Mixed Peri-urban area; Residential Peri-urban area | |
Communal; Regional; Federal | |
Pull | |
Hard |